It’s usually good enough, though, that attempts to replace it with more sophisticated and expensive methods ( like a light field camera) have languished. It’s easy and cheap, but there are a few downsides to this, among them problems with transparent objects, fine details like hair and, of course, anything else with a similar color to the background. The foreground is said to be “matted” and the background is a transparent “alpha” channel manipulated along with the red, green and blue channels. Netflix has a new technique that relies on machine learning to do some of the hard work, but it requires lighting actors in a garish magenta.įor decades the simplest method of compositing was chroma keying, in which actors stand against a brightly colored background (originally blue, later green) that can easily be identified and replaced with anything from a weather map to a battle with Thanos. The process of compositing, or placing actors in front of a background that’s not actually there, is as old as filmmaking itself - and it’s always been a pain.
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